Abstract
The longitudinal electro-optic effect in ferroelectric tetragonal barium strontium niobate has been investigated in thin 45° plates of composition x = 0.3. The half-wave voltage for the linear electro-optic effect at room temperature is approximately 1 kV. The half-wave voltage decreases as the temperature approaches the transition and reaches a minimum value of about 100 V at 55 °C. The linear effect is observed to become quadratic near the transition and to remain quadratic up to the limit of observation (90 °C). Around the transition temperature the quadratic effect has a low half-wave voltage, and is a slowly varying function of temperature. The high half-wave voltage for the room-temperature linear electro-optic effect is attributed to the occurrence of a strongly nonlinear polarization characteristic. The quadratic effect is thought to occur when the material is in a depoled ferroelectric state or in a degenerate 4̄2m phase.
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