Longitudinal associations of physical activity with inflammatory markers in US adults with and without type 1 diabetes

Abstract

AimsTo investigate the longitudinal associations of different levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with C-reactive protein (CRP), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and fibrinogen. MethodsWe conducted longitudinal analyses with data from the Coronary Artery Calcification in T1D (CACTI) cohort, which included individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D, n = 563) and without diabetes mellitus (non-DM, n = 692) with ∼ 3 years follow-up. Individuals were divided into groups to perform two analyses: 1) those who performed any MVPA and those who were sedentary (0 mins/week) and 2) those who performed 1–149 mins/week, ≥150 mins/week, or who were sedentary. Mixed effect models with an unstructured covariance structure were applied. ResultsCompared to sedentary individuals, any MVPA was associated with a −2.96 % decrease in fibrinogen (p-value = 0.0043) and a −11.23 % decrease in PAI-1 (p-value = 0.0007) in combined analyses. Stratified analyses found 1–149 mins/week and ≥ 150 mins/week were associated with significant decreases in fibrinogen, −5.31 % and −3.44 %, respectively, in those with T1D. Both the non-DM and T1D groups had significant decreases in PAI-1 associated with ≥ 150 mins/week (-9.11 % and −16.96 %, respectively). ConclusionsOur findings highlight that meeting ≥ 150 mins/week of MVPA is inversely associated with inflammatory markers linked with increased CVD risk.