Abstract
When testing longitudinal effects of parenting practices on adolescent adjustment, an integrated consideration of externalizing and internalizing behaviors is a gap in research. This study analyzed how parental support and parental knowledge directly and indirectly influence both antisocial behavior and emotional problems. The sample had 642 adolescents aged 12-15 (mean age = 12.49; 45.4% females) from Spain, who participated in a three-year long study. The results showed longitudinal bidirectional associations between parental support and parental knowledge. Only parental knowledge, however, directly predicted antisocial behavior and emotional problems. Parental support had an indirect effect on outcomes through the mediating effect of parental knowledge. This study has practical implications by indicating that increasing parental knowledge should be the target of educational-prevention programs.
Highlights
Research has demonstrated consistently that negative parenting practices are a robust risk factor for antisocial behavior and delinquency (Hoeve et al, 2009), as well as emotional problems in adolescence (Garthe et al, 2015)
Significant, positive correlations were found between antisocial behavior and emotional problems, except antisocial behavior at T3 with emotional problems at T1
Developmental theory and previous research have proposed that parental support leads to higher parental knowledge, which, in turn, influences adolescent adjustment
Summary
Research has demonstrated consistently that negative parenting practices are a robust risk factor for antisocial behavior and delinquency (Hoeve et al, 2009), as well as emotional problems in adolescence (Garthe et al, 2015). Both antisocial behavior and emotional problems are quite common during adolescence. The co-occurrence of externalizing and internalizing problems during adolescence is well-established (Loeber & Burke, 2011), as are the negative consequences of antisocial behavior (DeLisi, 2016) and mental health problems (Hughes & Gullone, 2008) for the psychological, social and economic well-being of youth, their families, and their broader communities. This work seeks to fill gaps in the extant literature by analyzing longitudinal mediation effects of parental support and parental knowledge on both antisocial behavior and emotional problems in Spanish adolescents
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