Long-term trends of Nitrogen oxides and surface ozone concentrations in Tehran city, 2002-2011.

Saeed Motesaddi Zarandi,Mahmood Alimohammadi,Ashraf Mazaheri Tehrani,Gholam Reza Mostafaii,Vali Sarsangi,Mohammad Sadegh Hasanvand,Vahid Kazemi Moghaddam,Davarkhah Rabbani,Mohammad Bagher Miranzadeh,Sajjad Hajiketabi

doi:10.1186/s40201-015-0218-7

Abstract

Background and aimTropospheric ozone is a problem with multi aspects - hazard to human health, plant, and welfare and a key factor to climate change, air pollution and atmosphere chemistry, as well. Behavior of ozone and nitrogen oxides (NO, and NO2) concentration is highly complex and variable; therefore, their trends as short and long-term were significantly attended. Most of the studies were carried out on the behavior of pollutant concentrations in North America, Europe, and East Asia, but few studies have been conducted in west Asia. The aim of this study was to assess daily changes and long-term trend of ozone and nitrogen oxides concentrations in Tehran city, Iran from March 2002 to September 2011.Material and methodsData were collected from 18 air quality monitoring stations. The data were sorted as daily mean of 10 years (daily changes) and annual mean for each year (long-term trend). One-sample test was used to assess the statistical significance.ResultsCurrent findings indicated that changes of ozone, NO, and NO2 concentrations are dependent from job shifts and photochemical reactions. Annual mean concentrations of ozone and NO2 were gradually increased, long-term trend of ozone and NO2 concentration indicated. The correlation between long term trend of ozone and NO2 was significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe controlling program was the most important factor in long-term concentration of ozone, and nitrogen oxides, but some problems and difficulties were accounted to perform controlling program.

Highlights

The data were sorted as daily mean of 10 years and annual mean for each year
Both advantages and disadvantages of ozone is based on height; as in stratosphere, the ozone protects human health, and other biological systems against harmful Ultraviolet (UV) radiation via absorbing UV, but in contrast the very gas could potentially damage human health, animal, and vegetables in surface of troposphere as a secondary pollutant [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Ozone is the second fatal pollutant following the particulate matter; and it has the essential role in making effects on human health

Summary

Introduction

Both advantages and disadvantages of ozone is based on height; as in stratosphere, the ozone protects human health, and other biological systems against harmful Ultraviolet (UV) radiation via absorbing UV, but in contrast the very gas could potentially damage human health, animal, and vegetables in surface of troposphere as a secondary pollutant [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Ozone is the second fatal pollutant following the particulate matter; and it has the essential role in making effects on human health. Ozone is strongly believed to play a key role in global warming, climate change, decliningair quality, and chemistry of atmosphere [12,13,14]. Tropospheric ozone is a problem with multi aspects - hazard to human health, plant, and welfare and a key factor to climate change, air pollution and atmosphere chemistry, as well. Behavior of ozone and nitrogen oxides (NO, and NO2) concentration is highly complex and variable; their trends as short and long-term were significantly attended. The aim of this study was to assess daily changes and long-term trend of ozone and nitrogen oxides concentrations in Tehran city, Iran from March 2002 to September 2011

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion