Long-term tendency and risk factors for stroke in Bishkek

Abstract

Objective: This retrospective study was designed to describe the morbidity, mortality rates and risk factors in adult urban population Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic for the period 2004–2019 using data from the Stroke Registry. Methods: The data were derived from Stroke Registry between 2004 and 2019 in Bishkek through examination of records of patients admitted to hospitals and those receiving treatment at home prescribed by doctors of Registry. A retrospective epidemiological study of the long-term dynamics of the morbidity and mortality rates between 2004 and 2019 was performed. The growth (drawdown) rate was calculated using the least-squares method to align the time series. A comparative analysis of the rates was carried out by calculating the long-term average annual level of incidence by gender and age. Ethical approval was not necessary for the preparation of this article. Results: The most common type of stroke registered for the population of Bishkek was ischemic stroke (IS) (68.5%), followed by hemorrhagic stroke (HS) (21.4%) and cryptogenic stroke (10.1%). During the analyzed period of time there has been a moderate decrease in the incidence of IS (4,0%) and a notable decrease of HS (9,0%) and cryptogenic (26,9%) strokes. As for stroke mortality in long-term dynamics, we could observe an essential decrease in this indicator in all strokes (IS-13.0%, HS 13.6%, cryptogenic ones-37.7%). The most remarkable risk factor for stroke was arterial hypertension (86.5%). Cardiovascular pathology of another origin was detected in 32.7% of patients. Conclusion: Our results further help to understand what changes have been in the long-term dynamics of the incidence and mortality of stroke in Kyrgyzstan, in relation to which risk factors for stroke should be taken more action. There is a need to continue to strengthen prevention at the population level, to assess and manage the risk of cardiovascular disease in primary healthcare. Such measures will help prevent complications and support efforts to prevent relapse and disability.