Abstract

目的探讨人源化CD19 CAR-T细胞(hCART19s)治疗儿童及青少年复发、难治性急性淋巴细胞白血病(R/R ALL)的疗效及安全性,研究影响其预后的相关因素。方法筛选2016年5月至2021年9月徐州医科大学附属医院入组NCT02782351临床试验中31例25岁以下儿童及青少年R/R ALL患者的临床资料,评价hCART19s在年轻患者中的疗效及安全性。结果hCART19s输注后1个月,短期疗效评估显示27例(87.1%)患者获得完全缓解(CR)或完全缓解兼部分血细胞计数缓解(CRi)。治疗期间,20例(64.5%)患者出现1~2级细胞因子释放综合征(CRS),4例(12.9%)出现3~4级CRS;2例患者出现1级神经系统毒性。中位随访19.3(2.2~62.4)个月,中位无事件生存(EFS)率和总生存(OS)率分别为15.7(95% CI 8.7~22.5)个月和32.2(95% CI 10.6~53.9)个月。桥接移植患者EFS和OS率均高于未桥接移植患者[EFS:(75.0±12.5)%对(21.1±9.4)%,P=0.010;OS:(75.0±12.5)%对(24.6±10.2)%,P=0.012];既往治疗线数>3次的患者EFS和OS率明显低于治疗线数≤3次的患者[EFS:0对(49.5±10.4)%,P<0.001;OS:0对(52.0±10.8)%,P<0.001]。截止随访终点,13例患者出现CD19阳性(CD19+)复发,1例出现CD19阴性(CD19−)复发。结论hCART19s可有效治疗儿童及青少年R/R ALL患者,其严重不良事件发生率较低。桥接移植、治疗线数可对患者长期疗效及预后产生影响。

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