Long-term results after transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in refractory posttraumatic glaucoma and glaucoma in aphakia

Abstract

To evaluate the long-term effect and safety of transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (TDLC) in eyes with advanced glaucoma in aphakia and posttraumatic glaucoma. Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients with glaucoma in aphakia and 25 eyes of 25 patients with posttraumatic glaucoma were treated with TDLC between 1996 and 2004. If the intraocular pressure (IOP) remained above 21 mmHg despite medication for more than 4 weeks after TDLC, the procedure was repeated. The IOP, number of medications, visual acuity, complications and need of further surgical intervention were all recorded during the follow-up period. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 93 months (mean 42.0 +/- 29.2) in glaucoma in aphakia and from 12 to 73 months (mean 33.3 +/- 17.4) in posttraumatic glaucoma. TDLC was successful in 48% of aphakic eyes with glaucoma and 40% of eyes with posttraumatic glaucoma. More than one TDLC was performed in 85% of cases of glaucoma in aphakia and 76% of cases of posttraumatic glaucoma). In both groups, TDLC was more effective in older patients than younger patients. Further glaucoma surgeries other than TDLC were performed in 43% of glaucoma in aphakic cases, and 44% of posttraumatic glaucoma cases, within the follow-up period. Loss of any light perception was recorded in two aphakic eyes with glaucoma (9.5%) and three eyes with posttraumatic glaucoma (12%). No hypotonia and no phthisis occurred. TDLC is moderately effective in advanced posttraumatic glaucoma and glaucoma in aphakia, more effective in older than younger patients, not influenced by prior other glaucoma surgery, and despite a high re-treatment rate very safe in both groups of glaucoma. For younger patients with severe secondary glaucoma in particular, new treatment strategies are needed.