Long-Term Refractive Outcomes and Visual Quality of Multifocal Intraocular Lenses Implantation in High Myopic Patients: A Multimodal Evaluation.

Abstract

To perform a multimodal assessment of refractive outcomes and quality of vision (QoV) in patients with high myopia submitted to multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Retrospective study that included consecutive eyes with high myopia (axial length [AL] >26.00mm) submitted to multifocal IOL implantation between January 2014 and February 2020. Minimum follow-up time was 3 years. QoV was evaluated with the Objective Scatter Index (OSI) and the Modular Transfer Function (MTF) by HD Analyzer®. Two QoV questionnaires were applied to patients in which both eyes were included: the McAlinden and the Catquest-9 SF. We included 50 eyes (28 patients). The mean follow-up time was 5.4±1.0 years. Comparing to month 1 after surgery, at the last follow-up visit, there was a decrease in the uncorrected visual acuity (0.14±0.13 vs 0.08±0.09 LogMAR, p=0.024), a negative increase in the spherical equivalent (-0.31±0.60 vs -0.02±0.20, p=0.006) and no changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (p>0.999). An uncorrected near visual acuity of at least J2 was achieved in 89% of eyes one month after surgery and in 91% of eyes at the last follow-up visit (p=0.829). At the last follow-up, the mean OSI was 5.1±1.8 and the mean MTF was 17.5±10.6. Some degree of near vision difficulty was reported by 91% of patients, and 74% of patients reported photic phenomena (halos, glare, starbursts). However, most patients reported that these symptoms caused none to little bothersome. At the last follow-up, 87% of patients were at least fairly satisfied with the surgery. Even after a mean follow-up time of 5 years, patients maintained good uncorrected visual acuity. Even though most patients experienced some degree of near vision difficulty and visual symptoms, globally, our patients were satisfied with their current vision, and the experienced symptoms did not have a significant impact on their daily lives.