Abstract
BackgroundThe long-term stability of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP remains largely unknown. We report the long-term assessment of volumetric changes in maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsThe subjects included 30 patients who underwent maxillary sinus floor augmentation using β-TCP and 58 implant placement for unilateral maxillary defect, simultaneously. Volumetric changes in β-TCP and the height of peri-implant bone were analyzed by CBCT.ResultsIn all patients, the mean volume of the grafted bone decreased from immediately after implant placement to 6 months after implant placement (75.6 % reduction rate); it decreased further at 2.5 years after implant placement (54.9 % reduction rate). The mean of the height from the implant tip to the maxillary sinus floor was 2.00 ± 1.51 mm, 0.73 ± 1.33 mm, and −0.72 ± 1.11 mm immediately, 6 months, and 2.5 years after implant placement, respectively. The implant tip protruded beyond the maxillary sinus floor in approximately 70 % of the implants (41/58 implants) at 2.5 years after surgery. During the observation period, the implant survival rate was 100 %.ConclusionsThe radiographic analysis by CBCT is considerably more advanced than previous radiographic examinations. Although maxillary sinus pneumatization continues to progress ≥1 year after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP, it stabilizes 3 years after surgery.
Highlights
The long-term stability of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP remains largely unknown
The physiological cause and maxillary sinus pneumatization are largely unknown, it is believed that genetics, atmospheric pressure, and hormones are involved in it
When an implant is placed in the maxillary molar region with atrophy, the maxillary sinus floor is close to the alveolar crest
Summary
The long-term stability of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP remains largely unknown. We report the long-term assessment of volumetric changes in maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The physiological cause and maxillary sinus pneumatization are largely unknown, it is believed that genetics, atmospheric pressure, and hormones are involved in it. This sinus is closely related to the root apex of the premolar and molar teeth, and it is either separated from the teeth by a thin layer of bone or its mucous membrane is in direct contact with the teeth. Some cases may require bone grafting for maxillary sinus floor augmentation.
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