Abstract
To assess the progression of fundus tessellation, color fundus photographs of the participants of the longitudinal population-based Beijing Eye Study were examined. The study included 4439 subjects in 2001 and 2695 (66.4% of the surviving) individuals in 2011. Larger progression in macular fundus tessellation (mean: 0.24 ± 0.48 grades) was associated (multivariate analysis; correlation coefficient r: 0.53) with thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness in 2011 (P < 0.001; standardized regression coefficient beta: −0.37), older age (P < 0.001; beta: 0.22), higher level of education (P < 0.001; beta: 0.09), more myopic change in refractive error (P < 0.001; beta: −0.09) and lower cognitive function score (P = 0.02; beta: −0.05). Larger increase in peripapillary fundus tessellation (mean: 0.19 ± 0.26 grades) correlated with thinner peripapillary choroidal thickness in 2011 (P < 0.001; beta: −0.35), older age (P < 0.001; beta: 0.20), worse best corrected visual acuity (P = 0.001; beta: 0.07), more myopic change in refractive error (P < 0.001; beta: −0.07) and higher prevalence of ever smoking (P = 0.004; beta: 0.05). The increase in macular fundus tessellation, as a surrogate for thinning of the posterior choroid, was associated with lower cognitive function, after adjusting for choroidal thickness, age, educational level and change in refractive error. The findings point to the clinical value of the assessment of fundus tessellation and suggest potential associations between cognitive function and fundus tessellation/choroidal thickness.
Highlights
Fundus tessellation has been defined as the visibility of large choroidal vessels at the posterior fundus pole outside of the peripapillary region[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Out of 4439 individuals participating in the baseline examination in 2001, 379 (8.5%) individuals died in the 10-year period
This longitudinal population-based study was conducted to assess whether changes in the degree of fundus tessellation, considered as a surrogate for subfoveal choroidal thickness and as observed in a 10-year period, were associated with the prevalence of ocular disorders and systemic parameters such as cognitive function and smoking
Summary
Fundus tessellation has been defined as the visibility of large choroidal vessels at the posterior fundus pole outside of the peripapillary region[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. A higher degree of fundus tessellation was strongly correlated with thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness, after adjusting for older age, male sex, lower body mass index, worse best-corrected visual acuity, longer axial length, larger parapapillary beta zone and higher glaucoma prevalence, and a lower prevalence of intermediate and late age-related macular degeneration[9]. It indicated that the degree of fundus tessellation might be taken as a surrogate for subfoveal choroidal thickness, if measurements of choroidal thickness were not available. To reduce the risk of a referral bias, we choose a population-based recruitment of the study participants
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