Long-Term Palmar Microcirculation After Radial Artery Harvesting: An Observational Study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess palmar microcirculation in a long-term follow-up after radial artery harvesting for coronary revascularization. One hundred fourteen patients (100 male; aged 61.7 +/- 6.7 years; preoperative New York Heart Association 2.3 +/- 0.6, ejection fraction 61.4% +/- 13.9%) were included after undergoing elective coronary revascularization using the radial artery of the nondominant forearm with a nonpathologic Allen's test. Superficial and deep tissue oxygen saturation (SO2), postcapillary venous filling pressure (rHb), capillary blood flow, and capillary blood flow velocity were determined at a mean 25 +/- 5 months after surgery using a combined laser Doppler spectrophotometry system. At 2-mm tissue depth, there was a small, but significant, decrease of 3% of superficial SO2 at the thumb and the thenar eminence (D1: 75.3% +/- 8.9% versus 77.6% +/- 9.7%, p = 0.003; thenar: 71.5% +/- 10.5% versus 73.2% +/- 8.2%, p = 0.027). Deep palmar SO2 was changed significantly at 5 of 7 positions by 3%. Deep postcapillary venous filling pressure (8 mm) was significantly increased by 9% only at the fingertip of the fifth finger (112.4 +/- 49.7 versus 103.0 +/- 25.0, p = 0.033), while superficial capillary blood flow decreased by 13% at only 1 of 7 positions at the hypothenar eminence (242.0 +/- 153.6 versus 275.6 +/- 169.2, p = 0.009). Overall, only 2 of 56 positions exceeded a given threshold of 5% change of microcirculation. No clinical signs of malperfusion were found (postoperative New York Heart Association 1.1 +/- 0.4, p < 0.05), and no patient was impaired in daily palmar motor activity. Long-term objective evaluation of superficial and deep palmar microcirculation confirms that radial artery harvesting for coronary revascularization does not compromise palmar microcirculation.