Long Term Outcomes in Patients with the Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon

Abstract

submission to the US Food and Drug Administration for GRAS registration was also assessed. A survey of krill and fish oil prices at a pharmacy chain was conducted on 01/02/2013. Results: The active components of krill and fish oil are the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) which are derived from algae. Fish oil is almost entirely composed of EPA-DHA from triglycerides, whereas in krill oil EPA-DHA exists in both triglyceride and phospholipid forms. Omega-3 in phospholipid has greater absorption (up to 25%). Doses of EPA+DHA of 1000–4000mg/day lowers triglyceride levels. For primary and secondary prevention threshold doses of 500mg and 1000mg, respectively, are recommended. One study showed krill oil lowered total cholesterol by 30%, but two subsequent studies did not. Prices of krill oil were up to 90 times more expensive than fish oil for the equivalent dose of EPA+DHA. Conclusions: Media claims of greater potency of krill oil over fish oil are not substantiated in the literature, nor was it claimed in submission to the FDA. The increased absorption of EPA+DHA in phospholipid form is noted but is not clinically significant. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.521