Long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Objective To investigate the long-term outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Patients with RA (n = 378) were retrospectively compared to patients without RA (n = 7560), all treated with CABG in a multicentre, population-based cohort register study in Finland. The outcomes were studied with propensity score-matching adjustment for baseline features. The median follow-up was 9.7 years. Results Diagnosis of RA was associated with an increased risk of mortality after CABG compared to patients without RA (HR 1.50; CI 1.28–1.77; p < .0001). In addition, patients with RA were in higher risk of myocardial infarction during the follow-up period (HR 1.61; CI 1.28–2.04; p < .0001). Cumulative rate of repeated revascularization after CABG was 14.4% in RA patients and 12.0% in control patients (p = .060). Duration of RA before CABG (p = .011) and preoperative corticosteroid usage in RA (p = .041) were independently associated with higher mortality after CABG. There were no differences between the study groups in 30-d mortality or in the post-operative usage of cardiovascular medications. Conclusions RA is independently associated with worse prognosis in coronary artery disease treated with CABG. Preoperative corticosteroid use and longer RA disease duration are additional risk factors for mortality. Key messages Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have impaired long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Glucocorticoid use before CABG and duration of RA are associated with higher mortality. Special attention should be paid in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in RA patients after CABG.