Abstract
Data was collected in the field, from an office building located in Frankfurt, Germany, over the period of 4 years. The building was designed as a low-energy building and featured natural ventilation for individual control of air quality as well as buoyancy-driven night ventilation in combination with a central atrium as a passive cooling strategy. The monitored data include in total 116 data points related to outdoor and indoor environmental data, energy related data, and data related to occupancy and occupant behaviour. Data points representing a state were logged with the real timestamp of the event taking place, all other data points were recorded in 10 minute intervals. Data were collected in 17 cell offices with a size of ~20 m2, facing either east or west). Each office has one fixed and two operable windows, internal top light windows between office and corridor (to allow for night ventilation into the atrium) and sun protection elements (operated both manually and automatically). Each office is occupied by one or two persons.
Highlights
Background & SummaryThe introduction of the European “Energy Performance of Buildings Directive” in 2001 gave a strong incentive to reduce excessive energy consumption through a holistic approach in terms of building design and integrated energy concepts
Buildings in Germany are benchmarked through their primary energy demand for heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting and domestic hot water (DHW)
An important design feature to enhance natural night ventilation is a large atrium with an extended “chimney” around which the offices are located
Summary
The introduction of the European “Energy Performance of Buildings Directive” in 2001 gave a strong incentive to reduce excessive energy consumption through a holistic approach in terms of building design and integrated energy concepts. Influencing factors on the occupants’ behaviour with regard to the operation of windows and blinds are, among others, the indoor and outdoor environmental conditions such as temperatures, relative humidity levels, air quality levels, and lighting levels[4,5] Due to their daily and seasonal variation, long-term monitoring data, i.e. at least a full year, is essential to capture their influence on occupants’ behavioural patterns. An important design feature to enhance natural night ventilation is a large atrium with an extended “chimney” around which the offices are located This enables a buoyancy-driven airflow from the windows through the offices themselves, into the traffic zones, and up into the chimney where the air leaves the building. An additional analysis of the data applied a data mining framework for identifying occupancy patterns and found four archetypal working profiles[9]
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