Abstract
Pedicle screw instrumentation (PSI) through posterior approach has been the mainstay of deformity correction for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, changes in the quantity of paraspinal muscles after AIS surgery has remained largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate long-term follow-up changes in paraspinal muscle volume in AIS surgery via a posterior approach. Forty-two AIS patients who underwent deformity correction by posterior approach were analyzed through a longitudinal assessment of a cross-sectional area (CSA) in paraspinal muscles with a minimum five-year follow-up. The CSA were measured using axial computed tomography images at the level of the upper endplate L4 by manual tracing. The last follow-up CSA ratio of the psoas major muscle (124.5%) was significantly increased compared to the preoperative CSA ratio (122.0%) (p < 0.005). The last follow-up CSA ratio of the multifidus and erector spine muscles significantly decreased compared to the preoperative CSA ratio (all p < 0.005). The CSA ratio of the erector spine muscle was correlated with the CSA ratio of the psoas major (correlation coefficient = 0.546, p < 0.001). Therefore, minimizing the injury to the erector spine muscle is imperative to maintaining psoas major muscle development in AIS surgery by posterior approach.
Highlights
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) comprises three-dimensional deformities of the spine, including structural, lateral, and rotated curvature, with unknown etiology, presenting at or around puberty [1]
Paraspinal muscle in AIS was observed in the asymmetric aspect in accordance with scoliotic curves
Our longitudinal study aimed to analyze the long-term follow-up changes in paraspinal muscles that are affected by injury during the growth process after deformity correction
Summary
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) comprises three-dimensional deformities of the spine, including structural, lateral, and rotated curvature, with unknown etiology, presenting at or around puberty [1]. Surgical management in AIS is indicated when the Cobb’s angle >45◦ in the thoracolumbar or >50◦ in the thoracic curve preventing curve progression, achieving maximum permanent correction of the three-dimensional deformity, improve walking, in general functional aspects, and minimizing complications [1,2]. Paraspinal muscle in AIS was observed in the asymmetric aspect in accordance with scoliotic curves. These curves showed a shortened muscle on the concave side and a lengthened muscle on the convex side of the curve [7,8]. Asymmetric imbalances of the paraspinal muscles have been considered as contributing factors to scoliotic curve progression [9,10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
