Long Term Immune Response Produced by the SputnikV Vaccine.

Ekaterina Martynova,Manoj Baranwal,Albert A Rizvanov,Shaimaa Hamza,Ekaterina E Garanina,Emmanuel Kabwe,Svetlana F Khaiboullina,Neha Kaushal,Richard A Urbanowicz,Ilsiyar M Khaertynova,Venera Shakirova,Maria Markelova

doi:10.3390/ijms222011211

Abstract

SputnikV is a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 developed by the Gamaleya National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology. The vaccine has been shown to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, yet the mechanisms remain largely unknown. Forty SputnikV vaccinated individuals were included in this study which aimed to demonstrate the location of immunogenic domains of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein using an overlapping peptide library. Additionally, cytokines in the serum of vaccinated and convalescent COVID-19 patients were analyzed. We have found antibodies from both vaccinated and convalescent sera bind to immunogenic regions located in multiple domains of SARS-CoV-2 S protein, including Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), N-terminal Domain (NTD), Fusion Protein (FP) and Heptad Repeats (HRs). Interestingly, many peptides were recognized by immunized and convalescent serum antibodies and correspond to conserved regions in circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2. This breadth of reactivity was still evident 90 days after the first dose of the vaccine, showing that the vaccine has induced a prolonged response. As evidenced by the activation of T cells, cellular immunity strongly suggests the high potency of the SputnikV vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Highlights

The outbreak of acute pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, spread rapidly throughout the world, prompting WHO to declare a pandemic by 11 March 2020 [1]
Sequence analysis identified a novel coronavirus as the cause of infection [2], which was later named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on 11 February 2020, by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) [1]
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Serum of Convalescent COVID-19 and Vaccinated with Sputnikv

Summary

Introduction

The outbreak of acute pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, spread rapidly throughout the world, prompting WHO to declare a pandemic by 11 March 2020 [1]. WHO officially named the disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [1]. The disease rapidly spread from China, leading to a global health emergency. The disease quickly spread, and there are more than 213 million cases documented worldwide, with 4,459,381 deaths confirmed as of 27 August 2021 [3]. COVID-19 has been present in Russia since March 2020, where initially, all confirmed cases were imported, but local transmission was quickly observed and documented [4]

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Methods

Results