Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients Treated with Infliximab for Ulcerative Colitis: Predictive Factors of Response—An Observational Study

Abstract

To evaluate the early and long-term efficacy of infliximab in ulcerative colitis and to determine predictors of response and colectomy. This is an ambidirectional cohort study in a tertiary referral center including patients who started infliximab within 2005 and 2008 and monitored until 2014. Efficacy was evaluated by partial Mayo scores at weeks 2, 4, 8, 30, and 54. Long-term treatment maintenance with infliximab and colectomy requirements were recorded. Fifty-three patients were included with a median follow-up of 69.5months. Clinical remission at the time point assessments was 40.8, 47.2, 54.7, 54.7, and 49.1%. At the time of maximal follow-up, the proportion of patients under infliximab maintenance was 24.5%. A higher level of albumin (OR 1.4, CI 95% 1.06-1.8; p=0.017) was predictive of a higher remission rate at week 8. Concomitant immunomodulators beyond 6months were predictive of infliximab's long-term maintenance (OR 15.8, CI 95% 1.8-135.4; p=0.012). Colectomy was required in 41.5%. Factors associated with a higher rate of colectomy at week 54 were previous treatment with cyclosporine (OR 3.4, CI 95% 1.2-9.7; p=0.012), absence of response at week 8 (OR 10.3, CI 95% 3.3-31.7; p<0.001), and not receiving concomitant immunomodulators (OR 4.1, CI 95% 1.8-9; p=0.002). Colectomy rates within the first 54weeks were closely dependent on the number of variables present: none (0%), 1 (26.3%), 2 (71.4%), or 3 (100%) of them (log rank <0.0001). Low albumin, previous treatment with cyclosporine, absence of a concomitant immunomodulator, and lack of response at week 8 negatively affected the efficacy of infliximab in ulcerative colitis.