Abstract
BackgroundCurrently, nanotechnology and nanoparticles have quickly emerged and have gained the attention of scientists due to their massive applications in environmental sectors. However, these environmental applications of silver nanoparticles potentially cause serious effects on terrestrial and aquatic organisms. In the current study, freshwater fish C. carpio were exposed to blood-mediated silver nanoparticles for toxicity, mortality, bioaccumulation, and histological alterations. Silver nanoparticles were fabricated using animal blood serum and their toxic effect was studied against common carp fish at different concentrations levels (0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 mg/L).ResultsThe findings have revealed a little influence of blood-induced silver nanoparticles on fish behavior at the highest concentration (0.09 mg/L). However, bioaccumulation of blood-mediated silver nanoparticles was reported in different organs of fish. Maximum bioaccumulation of silver nanoparticles was reported in the liver, followed by the intestine, gills, and muscles. Furthermore, the findings have shown that the bioaccumulation of silver nanoparticles led to histopathological alterations; including damaged structure of gill tissue and have caused necrosis. It is summarized that histopathological alteration in gill and intestine mostly occurred by the highest concentration of blood-induced silver nanoparticles (0.09 mg/L).ConclusionThis study provides evidence of the silver nanoparticles influence on aquatic life; however, further systematic studies are crucial to access the effects of AgNPs on aquatic life.
Highlights
Nanotechnology and nanoparticles have quickly emerged and have gained the attention of scientists due to their massive applications in environmental sectors
The synthesis of B-Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was initially confirmed from the color change of the solution, the maximum absorption of UV–Vis spectrometry at 422 nm (Fig. 1a) further confirmed the Blood-induced silver nanoparticles (B-AgNPs) synthesis
The results revealed that the highest bioaccumulation of B-AgNPs was seen at the highest concentration of B-AgNPs (0.09 mg/L) while the lowest bioaccumulation was seen at the lowest concentration B-AgNPs (0.03 mg/L)
Summary
Nanotechnology and nanoparticles have quickly emerged and have gained the attention of scientists due to their massive applications in environmental sectors. These environmental applications of silver nanoparticles potentially cause serious effects on terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Nanotechnology (NT) and nanoscience is one of the remarkable areas of science dealing with using the structure of nanoscale [1], and tremendously developed in the last decade [2] Due to their wide range of applications, NT is playing a beneficial role in water treatment, food industry, household equipment, biomedical, and health care [3]. The extensive use of AgNPs in the world, release into the Kakakhel et al Environ Sci Eur (2021) 33:14 aquatic environment, has raised concern [10] for a high impact on aquatic life [11]
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