Long-term evolution of signs and symptoms in contact lens wearers

Abstract

The purposes of the study were to describe the evolution of contact lens (CL) prescription patterns during a long-term period in the same sample of CL wearers evaluated in a protocolized manner, and to determine the predisposing factors responsible for the changes observed in CL fittings. Data on clinical files (CL type, wearing time, visual acuity, symptoms, and clinical signs) of CL wearers who attended a Spanish eye setting between 2010 and 2020 were collected. The profile of CL wearers was compared between 2010 and 2020. The CL characteristics were compared between CL types, replacements, and designs. Finally, factors predicting a change in CL fitting were assessed. Seventy-four CL wearers (28 men and 46 women) aged 39.0 ± 9.1 years old were included. Silicone hydrogel (p = 0.01) and daily disposable (p < 0.001) CL fittings increased during the follow-up period. The main reasons for CL refitting were the appearance or increase of clinical signs and/or symptoms. CL wearing time and visual acuity differed between CL types and replacements (p ≤ 0.02). Both, rigid and conventional replacement CL wear were associated with a lower probability of CL fitting changes (p ≤ 0.03). In conclusion, this study provides useful clinical information about the profile of successful long-term CL wearers in the last decade. Adequate aftercare examinations of long-term CL wearers can avoid worsening of signs and symptoms. Hydrogel and frequent replacement CL wearers are more likely to undergo CL refitting when compared to rigid corneal and conventional CL wearers.