Abstract
to evaluate structural and functional effects of Alloxan- induced diabetes and aging on bladder of rats. evaluations were performed in three groups: A--8 weeks of age, B--44 weeks of age, C--44 weeks of age with alloxan-induced diabetes. Muscle layer thickness, extracellular matrix fibrosis and collagen were quantified on digital images of bladder samples. Cystometric evaluations before surgical vesical denervation (SVD), included maximum cystometric capacity (MCC), maximum bladder pressure (MBP), bladder contraction frequency (VCF), duration of bladder contraction (DC), threshold pressure (TP) and bladder compliance (BC). After SVD, maximum cystometric capacity (MCC), BC and maximum urethral closing pressure (MUCP) were also measured. Reduced extracellular matrix fibrosis concentration and contraction strength were found in the bladders of group C. Before SVD, bladder compliance was not different between groups. Alterations were observed in MCC after SVD. We did not notice smooth muscle hypertrophy in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats after 44 weeks. There was alteration in the total and relative amount of fibrosis and collagen. The cystometric studies support the idea that this morphological alterations are important to determine the different bladder functional patterns found in the aging and the Alloxan-induced diabetic animals.
Highlights
In 2025, 20 to 25% of the population will be over 60 years of age in Brazil, and an overload in the public health system is expected
Diabetes was induced by intra-peritoneal Alloxan (40 mg/kg), in the eighth week of age and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was confirmed through blood glucose testing one week later
Animals were weighted and submitted to blood sampling for dosage of glycemia. They were submitted to two surgical procedures: (1) cystostomy – a P50 catheter was introduced in the bladder, fixed with Prolene 5:0 and exteriorized through an opening in the abdominal wall; urine samples were collected for culture. (2) surgical vesical denervation (SVD) - surgical dissection until the level of the ureteral vesical necks, with visualization of the proximal urethra
Summary
In 2025, 20 to 25% of the population will be over 60 years of age in Brazil, and an overload in the public health system is expected. Experimental studies demonstrated structural alterations such as reduction of the neuronal density, smooth muscle hypertrophy, increase of collagen between the muscle cells and change in the relative amount of collagen type I and III.[3] Other authors described alterations in the urethra, like urotelium and submucosal thinning, reduction of proteoglicans and extracellular matrix, and smooth muscle atrophy.[4,5,6,7] Elbadawl et al correlated the morphologic alterations of detrusor smooth muscle to functional changes, such as detrusor hyperactivity, infravesical obstruction and in the impaired detrusor contractility.[3] Chun et al observed rats up to 24 weeks of age. Besides all the existent research, a question motivated this study: Is there an overlap between DM and aging effects on the physiopathology of the vesical dysfunction and morphological alterations of the bladder?
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