Abstract

Ten reports of prospective follow-ups of at least 12 months duration for behavioral treatment of chronic headache are summarized and reviewed. The available data support two tentative conclusions for tension headache: headache relief from cognitive therapy or relaxation training (possibly followed by frontal EMG biofeedback) is maintained for 2 and 4 years, respectively, while the initial headache reduction obtained with frontal EMG biofeedback alone deteriorates progressively (but not back to pretreatment level_ at 2 and 3 years. For migraine headache, there is good maintenance of headache reduction at 12 months. However, for vascular headache (migraine and combined migraine and tension) treated with relaxation and thermal biofeedback, there is tentative support for a persistent, progressive deterioration, year-by-year, to a four-year follow-up point.

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