Abstract
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) has been used extensively in timber construction. CLT panels are typically used in roofs and floors that carry a continuous load, and it is important to examine the long-term loading capacity of CLT. However, studies that focus on the long-term loading capacity of CLT are limited. To this end, we conducted long-term out-of-plane bending tests on seven-layer CLT made from Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) under constant environmental conditions, investigated creep performance and duration of load, and experimentally analyzed creep rupture behavior. The mean estimated relative creep after 50 years was 1.49. The sample showed a satisfactory resistance to creep as a building material. The duration of load of most of the specimens in this study was shorter than the conventional value of small clear wood specimens. Specimens had a lower duration of load capacity than solid lumber. According to the results of survival analysis, a loading level of 70% or more caused the initial failure of specimens. Creep rupture of most of the specimens occurred at less deflection than displacement at failure in the short-term loading test. Additional studies focusing on the effects of finger joints, transverse layers, and width of a specimen on creep rupture behavior are suggested.
Highlights
Wood and wooden materials are important building materials
All specimens loaded with 70% and 60% loading levels had a shorter duration of load
We conducted long-term out-of-plane bending tests in a constant environment, investigated creep performance and the duration of load, and experimentally analyzed creep rupture behavior on seven-layer cross-laminated timber (CLT) made from Japanese larch
Summary
Wood and wooden materials are important building materials. In recent years, timber construction has gained interest globally for use in many fields, such as residential, office, and school buildings [1]. For out-of-plane bending in CLT, several theories have been published to explain its bending stiffness and strength [2], and experimental studies have been conducted [3] These studies have focused only on short-term loading, but wood and wooden materials can demonstrate other characteristic behaviors under a continuous load due to their viscoelasticity. The duration of load, the time during which a load acts until creep rupture, is an important factor in determining the load that a member can carry, ensuring long-term safety. It is important to investigate the creep performance and duration of load of CLT made from Japanese larch to ensure long-term serviceability and safety. We conducted long-term out-of-plane bending tests on seven-layer CLT made from Japanese larch, investigated creep performance and duration of load, and experimentally analyzed the creep rupture behavior
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