Abstract
The present work aims to investigate the long-term stability of Ce/Co coated AISI 441 used as an interconnect material in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Being a commercially available alloy the use of AISI 441 would greatly reduce the cost of SOFCs in comparison to tailor-made interconnect materials such as Crofer 22 APU. To analyze the long-term stability Ce/Co coated AISI 441 is exposed in air at 800 °C for up to 38 000 h. Mass gain values are recorded continuously. After 7 000, 23 000, and 35 000 h area specific resistance (ASR) measurements are performed, and cross-sections are prepared and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Cr-evaporation measurements are conducted on samples exposed for up to 38 000 h.
Highlights
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are a promising technology for green energy conversion systems, with many advantages, such as high elec trical efficiency, scalability and fuel flexibility [1,2]
A nearly parabolic mass gain behavior was found for long-term exposed Ce/Co coated AISI 441
Oxides that follow the parabolic rate law are often classified as protec tive, the parabolic growth shown in the present work for Ce/Co coated AISI 441 indicates that protective behavior of the material is present even up to 37 000 h of exposure at 800 C
Summary
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are a promising technology for green energy conversion systems, with many advantages, such as high elec trical efficiency, scalability and fuel flexibility [1,2]. To achieve wide-spread commercialization of SOFCs, the key technical hurdles to overcome are their high cost and their limited life-time. Both factors can be influenced, amongst others, by improving the interconnect, an inte gral part of the SOFC, which connects individual cells to form a fuel cell stack and is typically made of a ferritic stainless steel [3]. The life-time of the interconnect is mainly limited by the corrosion of the steel due to high operating temperatures of the fuel cell, between 600 and 850 C These corrosion processes are known to be more severe for cheaper steel grades because these often have a lower Cr content [5,6,7,8]. Some coatings mitigate Cr-evaporation, while others might reduce the oxide scale growth or lead to a more adherent oxide scale
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