Abstract
In this paper, the supermodes, long-range surface plasmon polaritons (LRSPPs), have been theoretically studied to enhance the optical coupling of AlGaN/GaN quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) based on gold–Si3N4 hybrid architecture. The electromagnetic field, energy flow, and current density are analyzed by finite element method (FEM). In time domain, the electric field component E z and current density J z perpendicular to the multi-quantum wells (MQWs) are symmetric and asymmetric distributions over the gold grating, respectively, which precisely prove the existence of LRSPPs. The averaged |E z |2 across the whole quantum well region reaches 1.51 (V/m)2 when the electric field intensity (|E 0|2) of normal incidence is 1 (V/m)2 at 4.65 μm. Extraordinarily low loss of the LRSPPs results in a coupling efficiency enhancement ratio of 2.23 in AlGaN/GaN QWIP compared with that obtained via bare gold grating with different polarized sources, exhibiting great potential for application in the focal plane arrays.
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