Abstract
The rising trend of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has become a global burden due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been reported to be overexpressed in different GI cancers and may contribute to cancer progression and chemoresistance. They are featured with more than 200 nucleotides, commonly polyadenylated, and lacking an open reading frame. LncRNAs, particularly urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1), are oncogenes involved in regulating cancer progression, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance, particularly in GI cancer. This review was aimed to present an updated focus on the molecular regulatory roles and patterns of lncRNA UCA1 in progression and chemoresistance of different GI cancers, as well as deciphering the underlying mechanisms and its interactions with key molecules involved, together with a brief presentation on its diagnostic and prognostic values. The regulatory roles of lncRNA UCA1 are implicated in esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatobiliary cancer, and colorectal cancer, where they shared similar molecular mechanisms in regulating cancer phenotypes and chemoresistance. Comparatively, gastric cancer is the most intensively studied type in GI cancer. LncRNA UCA1 is implicated in biological roles of different GI cancers via interactions with various molecules, particularly microRNAs, and signaling pathways. In conclusion, lncRNA UCA1 is a potential molecular target for GI cancer, which may lead to the development of a novel chemotherapeutic agent. Hence, it also acts as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for GI cancer patients.
Highlights
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has become one of the major challenges in the health sector in recent decades
Wang et al showed that Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) significantly associated with cancer chemoresistance toward cisplatin, gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, tamoxifen, and imatinib
Over the past few years, there is a bloom of transcriptome studies associated with the advancement in RNA sequencing technology, which enables the view of the complexity of eukaryotic gene expression [20]. is advanced technology leads to the discovery of lncRNAs [21]
Summary
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has become one of the major challenges in the health sector in recent decades. The regulatory roles of lncRNAs have been intensively investigated in which most studies have suggested that the mechanistic pathways underlying the regulatory roles of lncRNA UCA1 In this context, its interaction with the key genes or proteins is the key causative factor that leads to the development of GI cancer. Erefore, this review aims to provide a detailed insight into the regulatory roles of lncRNA UCA1 in GI cancer progression and chemoresistance, as evidenced in preclinical and clinical studies It discusses various molecular mechanisms underlie and the key molecules involved, intending to present its potential as a novel molecular target, as well as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for GI cancer
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