Abstract
BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are prevalently transcribed in the genome yet their potential roles in human cancers are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the lncRNA expression profile in gastric cancer and its potential clinical value.MethodsThe global lncRNA expression profile in gastric cancer was measured by lncRNA microarray. Levels of two representative lncRNAs, H19 and uc001lsz, were confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The relationship between their levels and clinicopathological factors of patients with gastric cancer was explored. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for differentiating gastric cancer from benign gastric diseases.ResultsTotal of 135 lncRNAs, which differential expression levels between tumor and non-tumorous tissues were more than twofold, were found (GEO No. GSE47850). The most down-regulated lncRNAs in gastric cancer tissues were FER1L4, uc001lsz, BG491697, AF131784, uc009ycs, BG981369, AF147447, HMlincRNA1600, and AK054588; while the most up-regulated ones were H19, HMlincRNA717, BM709340, BQ213083, AK054978, and DB077273. H19 was found highly expressed in stomach and liver cancer cell lines, while lowly expressed in lung cancer and prostate cancer cell lines. Uc001lsz was lowly expressed in gastric, lung and liver cancer cell lines, while highly expressed in prostate cancer. The areas under ROC curves were up to 0.613, 0.751, and 0.761 for H19, uc001lsz, and the combination, respectively.ConclusionsThe lncRNA expression profile in gastric cancer suggests the potential roles of lncRNAs in gastric cancer occurrence and development. The overexpression of H19 in gastric cancer suggests that H19 may be participated in gastric cancer. The reduced expression of uc001lsz in gastric cancer cell lines and tissues, its associations with TNM stage, and its dysregulation in early cancer and precancerous lesions suggest that uc001lsz may be a potential marker for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.
Highlights
Long non-coding RNAs are prevalently transcribed in the genome yet their potential roles in human cancers are not well understood
Expression of The reciprocally imprinted partner of Igf2 (H19) was up-regulated in gastric carcinoma tissues Since H19 was found the most up-regulated Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in gastric cancer tissue, up to 8.91-fold change in microarray detection (Table 1), to validate this result, we detected the expression level of H19 in two types of cancer tissues, biopsy tissues and surgical specimens, by qRT-Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
By sequencing the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) product, we found that the sequence of H19 (Figure 2C) was consistent with that from the database
Summary
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are prevalently transcribed in the genome yet their potential roles in human cancers are not well understood. The well-studied components in the human genome are those of protein-coding genes. It has become increasingly apparent that the non-protein-coding portion of the genome is of crucial functional importance for disease occurrence [2]. The non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) characterize as three types, LncRNAs are greater than 200 nucleotides in length [3]. They have emerged recently as major players in governing fundamental biological processes. Differential display code 3 (DD3PCA3), a prostate-specific lncRNA, appears to be a marker for early diagnosis of prostate cancer [4].
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