Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in fundamental biochemical and cellular processes. The neighbor of BRCA1 gene 2 (NBR2) is a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) whose gene locus is adjacent to the tumor suppressor gene breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1). In human cancers, NBR2 expression is dysregulated and correlates with clinical outcomes. Moreover, NBR2 is crucial for glucose metabolism and affects the proliferation, survival, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance in different types of cancer. Here, we review the precise molecular mechanisms underlying NBR2-induced changes in cancer. In addition, the potential application of NBR2 in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer is also discussed, as well as the challenges of exploiting NBR2 for cancer intervention.
Highlights
It is believed that nearly 87.3% of the human genome is actively transcribed, but
Consistent with this finding, neighbor of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) gene 2 (NBR2) led to decreased cell cycle progression, but increased autophagy, which down-regulated apoptosis under energy stress and inhibited the progression of breast and kidney cancers, suggesting that NBR2 is a tumor suppressor that regulates AMPK activity
It has been observed that glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) deficiency sensitizes cancer cells to phenformin-induced cell death, whereas GLUT1 restoration in NBR2-deficient cells rescues the increased cell death after phenformin treatment. This finding identifies a new mechanism of NBR2 modulation of glucose metabolism in cancer cells, suggesting that NBR2 may predict the biguanide treatment response in cancer patients [71, 80]. It reveals the opposite role of Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) NBR2 in cancer development, which is contrary to the initial view that NBR2 functions as a tumor suppressor
Summary
It is believed that nearly 87.3% of the human genome is actively transcribed, but
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