Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of lncRNA FENDRR on the migration and invasion of malignant melanoma (MM) cells. The expression levels of FENDRR in MM tissues and MM cell lines were detected using qRT-PCR, followed by construction of FENDRR-knocked down and overexpressed stable cells. Then the effects of FENDRR on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected using MTT assay and Transwell assay. The protein expression levels of matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, and related factors in JNK/c-Jun pathway were detected using Western blot. FENDRR was down-regulated in MM tissues and cell lines. Besides, its expression levels in different MM cells were diverse. Knockdown of FENDRR facilitated MM cells proliferation, migration and invasion in A375 cells, while overexpressing FENDRR had reverse results. In addition, MMPs and JNK/c-Jun pathway involved in the FENDRR-mediated regulation of MM cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Our results demonstrated that FENDRR mediated the metastasis phenotype of MM cells by inhibiting the expressions of MMP2 and MMP9 and antagonizing the JNK/c-Jun pathway.
Highlights
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive skin cancer, which develops from melanocytes [1]
The highest FENDRR expression levels were found in A375 cells among three melanoma cell lines, while the lowest FENDRR expression were found in SK-Mel-110 cell lines (Figure 1B)
The present study investigated the expression of FENDRR in MM tissues and cell lines and revealed that FENDRR was down-regulated in MM tissues and cell lines
Summary
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive skin cancer, which develops from melanocytes [1]. The incidence of MM is rising more rapidly than any other prevalent cancers [2]. MM accounts for the vast majority of skin cancer patient deaths [3]. MM has proclivity to metastasize, and patients with metastatic MM has a poor prognosis [4]. The patients who are diagnosed as MM early usually have high 5-year survival rates, but patients with metastatic MM has a 5-year survival rate of only 5–10% [5]. The therapeutic options to MM that have metastasized and invaded into the dermis are very limited. A better understanding of the etiologies and genetic underpinnings of MM is critical for the development of therapeutic strategies in this malignancy
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