Abstract
Urban remote sensing with moving carriers enables comprehensive monitoring of an urban area. High spatial resolution and wide covering are always required to improve the performance and efficiency of remote sensing. Continuous scanning imaging is a feasible solution. However, imaging motion degrades the performance of a remote sensing system. Rotating motion leads to the loss of key urban morphology information of a panorama imaging. Image translation results in blurry images. For high spatial resolution and high efficiency imaging with low illumination condition, such as imaging at dusk, long-focus lens and long integral time must be further utilized, which makes the problem more severe. In this paper, a novel image motion compensation method is proposed to compensate for image rotation and image translation simultaneously. A quantitative description of image motion, including both image rotation and image translation, is first developed based on the principle of geometrical optics and then analyzed in detail through numerical simulations. Furthermore, a comprehensive image rotation compensation method is developed based on four-channel bilateral control with sliding mode controller, at the same time image translation compensation is performed according to the quantitative relationship of the motion of the scan mirror and image translation compensator. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides effective compensation for image rotation and image translation. This enables acquisition of high spatial resolution urban panoramic images.
Highlights
Urban remote sensing involves the simultaneous use of multiple remote sensing technologies to achieve comprehensive remote sensing monitoring of urban morphology
By extending the bilateral control principle proposed for remote teleoperation of robots to the field of optical imaging, we proposed a new idea for image motion compensation based on position and torque control
A novel four-channel bilateral control method based on sliding mode control and a disturbance observer for image rotation compensation and an equivalent velocity and acceleration feedforward control method based on the nonlinear tracking differentiator for image translation compensation were proposed to resolve the image motion problem in the continuous scanning step-stare imaging system for urban remote sensing imaging
Summary
Urban remote sensing involves the simultaneous use of multiple remote sensing technologies to achieve comprehensive remote sensing monitoring of urban morphology. By extending the bilateral control principle proposed for remote teleoperation of robots to the field of optical imaging, we proposed a new idea for image motion compensation based on position and torque control Such method can theoretically enable perfectly synchronized motions between the scanning mirror and compensation unit, thereby yielding high-precision compensation for image rotation [20]. This method still employs a traditional proportion-integration-differentiation (PID) control for designing the controller. We propose a novel synchronized control method of multiple image compensation units to resolve the image rotation and image translation issues that occur during the long integral time in the CSSSI process.
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