Long echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for estimating relative measures of lipid unsaturation at 3 T

Abstract

To examine the behavior of lipid olefinic and diallylic resonances as a function of PRESS (point resolved spectroscopy) echo time (TE) to determine an optimal long TE value for their measurement at 3 T. Experiments were conducted on nine oils (almond, canola, cod liver, corn, linseed, peanut, sesame, sunflower, and walnut oil) and on vertebral and tibial bone marrow in vivo at 3 T. The methylene (or methyl + methylene), diallylic, and olefinic resonances were measured with PRESS with multiple TEs. J-coupling evolution effects on the olefinic and diallylic peaks appeared to be minimized when TE = 200 msec. The TE = 200 msec olefinic/methylene and diallylic/methylene peak area ratios calculated for each oil correlated well with ratios deduced from oil compositions in the literature (R(2) = 0.92 and 0.98 for the olefinic and diallylic protons, respectively). In addition, the relative amounts of bone marrow unsaturation of vertebral and tibial bone marrow inferred from the TE = 200 msec olefinic/(methyl + methylene) peak area ratio agreed with values estimated from the literature. A PRESS sequence with a long TE value of 200 msec is suitable for determining relative amounts of lipid unsaturation at 3 T.