Loneliness and social connections: Lived experiences on predictors and coping with loneliness among Indian older adults: A phenomenological study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Loneliness is a growing public health concern affecting all age groups, with a specific impact on the older population. Qualitative research has been conducted to understand the lived experiences of loneliness among older adults and its effects on the aging population. This study aims to examine the lived experiences of loneliness, the factors contributing to it, and the coping resources available to Indian older adults. To explore these experiences, a qualitative phenomenological approach was adopted, involving in-depth personal interviews with thirty adults aged between 60 and 78 years. The participants were conveniently selected for the study. The findings revealed several risk factors for loneliness, including a lack of meaningful family and social relationships, children living far away, limited social support, frequent health issues, and economic difficulties. On the other hand, the study also identified positive factors that helped individuals cope with loneliness. These included maintaining a positive outlook, engaging in productive leisure activities, staying connected with others, and finding solace in spirituality. In Indian society, older adults are expected to live with their own families due to cultural norms, despite the country’s cultural diversity. Due to lack of alternative living facilities and the stigma associated with living in old age homes, let older adults to continue living with their children families, even in cases of strained interpersonal relationships. The absence of meaningful social relationships and limited family support contribute to decreased social participation and mental health issues in later life. It is essential to study these issues and strengthen the health and social care in order to prevent and promote physical and mental well-being in older adults.