Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify geographical clusters of logistics service provider companies in Brazil. The main contribution is a vision of these clusters based on the articulation of the various activities which make up the the logistic chain. Indicators of spatial concentration (Herfindahl index) and regional specialisations (Location Quotient) were used in order to identify geographic clustering. Information about the number of companies, their size and people working in every location in the country, were obtained through the Annual Register of Social Information (RAIS) from the Employment & Salaries Ministry and the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE). Due to changes in the classification of these activities in 2007, it isn't possible to carry out a broader time based analysis, which would allow us to identify the advantages of geographic clustering in a more consistent manner. We concluded that there are 922 spatial concentration of logistics service providers in Brazil. Around 41% of spatial concentration are located in the Southeast of Brazil and 33% in the South. In these regions the logistics infra-structure (roads, access to docks and airports) is more developed and also there are other logistics service chain providers.DOI: 10.12660/joscmv7n1p47-67URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv7n1p47-67
Highlights
The everyday products of a society depend on multiple logistics services before they reach the hands of the end consumer
From the point of view of articulation of the activities that make up the logistics chain, the freight transport by road has close ties with Sea and coastal water transport, Warehousing and storage, Loading and unloading, Bus and Train stations, Shipping agency activities, activities related to cargo and transport organisation and courier activities
The main question in this study was if the existence of a spatial concentration in a specific municipality influences the reality of another spatial concentration in the same class of activity in neighbouring regions
Summary
The everyday products of a society depend on multiple logistics services before they reach the hands of the end consumer. A company requires logistic support in the planning of products, the acquisition of material, the product assembly and the delivery of the end product. In this way, logistics becomes more than the mere transportation of goods. Due to the characteristics of the logistics operator, which is the integrated activity of the logistics chain, and the importance of the transport infra-structure in providing logistics services, there are a greater number of geographic agglomerations of logistics service (it means spatial concentration) of a higher degree in locations where the logistics infra-structure, such as roads, access to ports and airports is more developed. According to the literature of spatial agglomeration (Marshall, 1982; Krugman, 1991; Porter 1998), competitive advantage of geographic clustering are related to: 1) external savings that emerge spontaneously from the concentration of manufacturers; 2) organisation and deliberate maintenance of joint action and of cooperative relations between the players (reinforce the external savings)
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