Logistic cost analysis for 3D printing construction projects using a multi-stage network-based approach

Abstract

Construction 3D printing (3DP) could make supply chains more cost-effective, shorter, and less wasteful; however, many questions are raised regarding equipment and material supply. This paper develops a construction 3DP multi-stage network-based logistics cost assessment model for materials, equipment and waste flows of low-story building construction that supports: (1) a 3DP project logistics network evaluation; (2) a 3DP project feasibility analysis by comparing various 3DP logistic scenarios with traditional construction; and (3) determination of suitable logistics strategies for a 3DP project. A node approach for the logistics systems analysis and a two-type costing approach are employed for model development, the feasibility and practicality of which are demonstrated through case studies. Results show that the dominant logistics cost category for 3DP is transportation, the attentive consideration of which allows the feasibility of a construction 3DP project. As a further step, a 3DP capability map should be developed for 3DP market expansion and transportation reduction.