Abstract
Having a certain amount of knowledge from the area of Propositional Logic can refine logical reasoning in life situations and in mathematics. Judgment is an important activity where we obtain logical consequences arising from the assumptions made. The article provides examples of correct and incorrect judgments. It draws attention to the mistakes that students make in determining the correctness of their judgments. By using appropriate methods, the mentioned inaccuracies can be eliminated and thus the teaching process will be improved, and the students’ level of knowledge increased. We analyzed the knowledge of students at the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra in the years 2018 to 2019 from the area of propositional logic. The tasks in the tests were aimed at on the basic knowledge of propositional logic. The main hypothesis was that by introducing statements of logic into teaching we can improve logical reasoning not only in mathematics, but also in everyday life situations. In determining the main hypothesis of our research, we relied on mathematical knowledge related to definitions and sentences and teaching experience. We performed a pedagogical experiment in two different groups. After evaluating the test results, differences in knowledge were found between the two tested groups.
Highlights
Being familiar with mathematical logic clarifies correct reasoning in both, different life situations and in mathematics
The aim of our study was to point out abilities of university students to form basic mathematical proofs using mathematical logic and make effective teaching and learning maps
Logical reasoning can be included in other parts of mathematics, e.g., teaching sequences, functions, etc
Summary
Being familiar with mathematical logic clarifies correct reasoning in both, different life situations and in mathematics. Raclavský [10] says, that when reasoning from the stated assumptions, we obtain the resulting logical consequences. To be able to do that we must know the truth values of the statements. We assign truth values to other statements. Correct judgment is important in determining the properties of a function, sequence, and in solving problems. Gahér [3] says, that students need to be taught to think logically and correctly, the aim is they are able to recognize judgments based on valid
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