Abstract
Due to the serious interferences in the short distance of long narrow tunnels, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave is unstable and fluctuated greatly. The propagation path of each wave interferes seriously that lead to deep fading. This deep fading is of regularity, namely the quasi-periodic fluctuation in our work. By means of ray tracing method, the fluctuation period is proportional to the wave length, and is inversely to the tunnel size. Further, the parameters of the fluctuation-function are derived, which is introduced to the log normal distribution model to build the log-normal fluctuation model of tunnels. The simulation analysis and experimental results show that the log-normal fluctuation model can reduce the mean square error of fitting to the actual measurement data, and characterize of the deep fading of the path loss.
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