Abstract
Extant literature on vowel-to-consonant (VC) locus equations (defined as a regression line fit to F2 transition measurements of one consonant paired with many vowels) suggests that they lack the high linearity of the corresponding consonant-to-vowel ones (CV) [Sussman et al. 1997]. Measurements of the second formant taken at the vocalic midpoint and last glottal pulse yielded four VC locus equations from 31 respondents from west-central Wisconsin for the syllable-final consonants /d, t, g, k/ (n = 124). Previous work with WI English indicates the existence of a differential in locus equations for the voiced vs. voiceless velar stops [Purnell 2008]. Apical stops are included for comparison across place of articulation (i.e. apical to velar) with no differential expected. High levels of linearity were found for VC locus equations for all the consonants examined. Fitting second-order locus equations [Chennoukh, et al. 1995, 1997] to the coefficients revealed a differential between /g/ and /k/, but not /d/ and /t/. Moreover, discriminant analyses yielded higher classification rates for locus equations than for token level data. These results run counter to previous characterizations of VC locus equations and suggest the potential for the use of locus equations as measures of dialect-specific coarticulation.
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