Abstract
Background: Pleural loculation in childhood pleural tuberculosis (TB) remains a problem in practice, it is usually associated with failure drainage. Therefore, to improve the management of childhood pleural TB, a retrospective study was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with loculated effusion in childhood pleural TB.Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2019, consecutive children (≤15 years old) with tuberculous pleural effusion (definite and possible) were included for further analysis. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic features were collected from the medical records. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to explore the factors associated with the presence of pleural loculation in children with pleural TB.Results: A total of 154 children with pleural TB (definite, 123 cases; possible, 31 cases) were included in our study and then were classified as loculated effusion (n = 27) and non-loculated effusion (n = 127) groups by chest X-ray or ultrasonography. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender (age-adjusted OR = 3.903, 95% CI: 1.201, 12.683), empyema (age-adjusted OR = 4.499, 95% CI: 1.597, 12.673), peripheral monocytes ≤0.46 × 109/L (age-adjusted OR = 4.122, 95% CI: 1.518, 11.193) were associated with the presence of loculated effusion in children with pleural TB.Conclusion: In conclusion, several characteristics, such as male gender, empyema, and peripheral monocyte count have been identified as risk factors for pleural loculation in children with pleural TB. Our findings may be helpful to improve the management of pleural loculation in childhood pleural TB.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious threat to children health
Loculated effusion was defined if an effusion met at least one following criteria: [1] failure to shift on decubitus film; [2] loculation demonstrated by chest X-ray or real-time chest US [13, 14]
Among the 154 children, 93 (60.4%) of them were from rural areas, 103 were tested for HIV status, and all were HIV-negative
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious threat to children health. Childhood TB is known as a paucibacillary form of TB disease and children might have extrapulmonary TB [2, 3], make the TB control in children more complicated. Pleural Loculation in Childhood PTB extrapulmonary TB in adulthood, pleural TB was present in children [4]. In addition during the past decade, the proportion of pleural TB among childhood TB showed an increasing trend [4]. Pleural loculation in childhood pleural tuberculosis (TB) remains a problem in practice, it is usually associated with failure drainage. To improve the management of childhood pleural TB, a retrospective study was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with loculated effusion in childhood pleural TB
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