Abstract
In all rice-growing countries, including Russia, among the economically important, dangerous and harmful diseases of rice, the main role is played blast (pathogen Pyricularia oryzae Cavara). The problem of resistance of rice plants to disease is one of the main problems in modern breeding in most countries. The most effective way to protect rice from blast is using resistant varieties created with marker assistant selection (MAS). The article presents data on chromosomal regions that provide long-term resistance of varieties to pathogen in Russia. The groups of stable and unstable samples significantly differed in the presence of polymorphic loci on the fifth, sixth, eighth, ninth and second chromosomes, which reduces the complexity of evaluating selection material due to the primary screening of gene plasms by variability of resistance loci in the identified chromosomal regions.
Highlights
To date, more than 100 genes that determine resistance to blast (Pi) in rice have been localized, but so far the data on the effectiveness of the isolated loci in the formation of the trait are contradictory [1,2,3]
It was previously established that even 5-7 pathogen resistance genes do not guarantee adaptability to biotic stress [7,8,9]
Analysis of variance allowed us to establish a relationship between pathogen resistance and variety variability for individual SSR markers
Summary
To isolate DNA from rice seedlings and leaves, the STAB method with modifications was used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analysis of the obtained amplification product were carried out according to the methodology of the International Rice Institute [12]. The following PCR parameters were used in the experiment: initial denaturation for five minutes at 94 0C, thirty-five cycles: 60 sec. The volume of the PCR reaction is 10 μl: DNA - 2 μl), 1 μl (1 mm) of deoxynucleotide triphosphates; 3.7 μl H2O; 1 μl of PCR buffer solution, 0.5 μl of each primer, 1 μl of Taq polymerase. A decrease in the significance level to 0.09 increased the sensitivity of the method and made it possible to isolate another 5 loci with a possible arrangement of genes that determine stability (Table 2)
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