Abstract
Recently, location-based routings in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are attracting a lot of interest in the research community, especially because of its scalability. In location-based routing, the network size is scalable without increasing the signalling overhead as routing decisions are inherently localized. Here, each node is aware of its position in the network through some positioning device like GPS and uses this information in the routing mechanism. In this paper, we first discuss the basics of WSNs including the architecture of the network, energy consumption for the components of a typical sensor node, and draw a detailed picture of classification of location-based routing protocols. Then, we present a systematic and comprehensive taxonomy of location-based routing protocols, mostly for sensor networks. All the schemes are subsequently discussed in depth. Finally, we conclude the paper with some insights on potential research directions for location-based routing in WSNs.
Highlights
In recent years, location-based routing has emerged as the prominent area of research in the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
A table comparing different location-based routing protocols is given at the end of this paper
We have presented an extensive overview of location-based routing protocols for WSNs which have been presented in the literature
Summary
Location-based routing has emerged as the prominent area of research in the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The advancement in the field of micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) has open the way to develop low-cost, low-power, multi-functional, tiny sensor nodes [10] [11] [12] These tiny nodes are capable to sense the environment, perform data processing and having the capability to communicate with other nodes in the network over short distances. Energy efficient MAC [23] [24] [25], and different routing schemes are implemented and evaluated for the real life application of WSNs. WSNs require sensor nodes to communicate with each other frequently depending on the application, making data dissemination a challenging task in large networks. Data dissemination can be query driven or based on continuous updates
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