Abstract
The fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks improves the precision of user localization and provides the means to disclose location information to over-the-top (OTT) service providers. The network data analytics function (NWDAF) can further elaborate this information at an aggregated level using artificial intelligence techniques. These powerful features may lead to the improper use of user location information by mobile network operators (MNOs) and OTT service providers. Moreover, vulnerabilities at various layers may also leak user location information to eavesdroppers. Hence, the privacy of users is likely at risk, as location is part of their sensitive data. In this paper, we first go through the evolution of localization in cellular networks and investigate their effects on location privacy. Then, we propose a location-privacy-preserving integrated solution comprising virtual private mobile networks, an independent authentication and billing authority, and functions to protect wireless signals against location information leakage. Moreover, we advocate the continuous and detailed control of localization services by the user.
Highlights
Our position and movements reveal sensitive information about our lifestyle, preferences, acquaintances, health and work
We provide an overview of location privacy issues in 5G and beyond cellular networks, and propose an integrated solution to protect location information against its improper use by mobile network operators (MNOs), OTT service providers, and eavesdroppers
The UE can estimate its own position by processing global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) signals, possibly with supporting information transmitted by the cellular network, for example, through the cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or the position reference signals (PRS), the latter being available since LTE cellular networks
Summary
Our position and movements reveal sensitive information about our lifestyle, preferences, acquaintances, health and work. Location privacy is a serious concern in current and future networks [5] In this perspective paper, we provide an overview of location privacy issues in 5G and beyond cellular networks, and propose an integrated solution to protect location information against its improper use by MNOs, OTT service providers, and eavesdroppers. Our solution includes (a) a virtual private mobility network (VPMN), which assists end users in concealing their location; and (b) anonymization techniques applied on physical-layer signals, which prevent the leakage of location information to eavesdroppers. An independent authentication and billing authority is introduced, while proper mechanisms give the user more awareness and control over the use of their estimated position The scope of this perspective paper is twofold: while we highlight several location privacy issues in current cellular networks, we introduce three approaches to deal with them. We stress that it is possible to protect location privacy only by an integrated approach operating at different levels (single user, group of trusted users and all wireless devices)
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