Abstract
In this paper the problems of locating urban logistic terminals are studied as hub location problems that due to a large number of potential nodes in big cities belong to hard non-polynomial problems, the so-called NP-problems. The hub location problems have found wide application in physical planning of transport and telecommunication systems, especially systems of fast delivery, networks of logistic and distribution centres and cargo traffic terminals of the big cities, etc. The paper defines single and multiple allocations and studies the numerical examples. The capacitated single allocation hub location problems have been studied, with the provision of a mathematical model of selecting the location for the hubs on the network. The paper also presents the differences in the possibilities of implementing the exact and heuristic methods to solve the actual location problems of big dimensions i.e. hub problems of the big cities.
Highlights
Because of competitiveness, the globalization process imposes, as one of the special objectives, the maintenance of adequate level of transport costs for the sake of their minimization
In this paper the problems of locating urban logistic terminals are studied as hub location problems that due to a large number of potential nodes in big cities belong to hard non-polynomial problems, the so-called NP-problems
The problem of selecting the location of urban logistic terminals in big cities with the aim of minimizing the total costs requires a number of analyses for every potential location: –– demand for “heavy” infrastructure – capabilities of suppliers, distributers, traffic networks, telecommunication networks, water installations, sources of electrical and other energy, facilities intended for public needs, etc. –– demand for “soft” infrastructure – availability of labour
Summary
The globalization process imposes, as one of the special objectives, the maintenance of adequate level of transport costs for the sake of their minimization. The problems of locating the distribution centres or warehouse facilities from which the distribution is performed started to be systematically solved for the first time at the beginning of the 20th century by the application of the Gravitation method for determining of the location of distribution warehouses Since it takes into consideration the number of citizens in a certain area and their economic power, the method is suitable to determine the location of a warehouse or a distribution centre in a limited area. Relevant data include for instance data about the product demand within a certain time period, product characteristics, data about the location of production, fixed and operative costs of facilities and variables related to the cargo dispatch and storage requirements for individual type of distribution centres. In order to create a successful model of the distribution system, three principles need to be applied: synthesis and evaluation of data, definition (forming) of the model and sensitivity analysis of individual models
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