Location of Emergency Escape Ramps on Two-Lane Rural Highways Based on the Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision-Making Method

Mohammad Heidarian,Ali Abdi Kordani,Alireza Sarkar,Seyed Mohsen Hosseinian,Mehdi Keshavarz-Ghorabaee

doi:10.1155/2022/7699870

Abstract

Today, the lack of practical research is one of the most important concerns worldwide, and location, which is an important issue in most projects, has received less attention from experts. In this study, the location criteria of emergency escape ramps were examined, and according to the Myers formula, the temperature-distance diagram along the route was obtained. Also, the speed of vehicles entering the escape ramp was examined according to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) in the proposed options that were obtained from the experts. Then, 3 general criteria and 16 subcriteria were classified, and finally, the importance of criteria was examined by the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP), and the high-priority options were illustrated using the fuzzy technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (F-TOPSIS). The proposed options were evaluated and prioritized for an emergency escape ramp on the two-lane rural highways of Salavat Abad village pass of Sanandaj city, Kurdistan Province, Iran. The results showed that the technical criteria with more than 69% among the general criteria and subcriteria of the percentage of longitudinal slope, longitudinal slope length, and vehicle design speed were the most important factors influencing the location of an emergency escape ramp. Moreover, among the proposed options, the four options 3, 4, 5, and 6 had the highest score, and option 6 (Kurkur turn (2)) was identified as the most priority location for implementing the emergency escape ramp.

Highlights

From the emergence of communication roads between cities and other communication points, users of these roads have been thinking of development and better usage of these roads in all seasons and different ways
Practice 178 Truck Escape Ramps.” e study presented the results of a survey conducted with 27 state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the United States. e results of this study revealed the experiences of state DOTs regarding design principles, operation and maintenance practices, and determination of the location of emergency escape ramps [12]
In this research, according to the importance of emergency escape ramps and identifying a suitable location to design these ramps, two common methods were presented from the analysis of criteria, with the importance of criteria explored by fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP)

Summary

Introduction

From the emergence of communication roads between cities and other communication points, users of these roads have been thinking of development and better usage of these roads in all seasons and different ways. E emergency escape ramp is a traffic device that enables vehicles with braking problems to stop safely It is typically a long, sand- or gravel-filled lane connected to a steep downhill grade section of a main road and is designed to accommodate large trucks or buses. The chosen location of an emergency escape ramp should meet the goals of selected groups, requirements such as avoiding the development of unsuitable locations, reducing the environmental impact of construction and operation in one location, and directing the vehicles to an area with existing infrastructure for sustainable development. It is the observance of these requirements that balances the achievement of goals. Emergency escape ramps cannot be placed where there are some constraints to the geometric design, such as where there is a precipice on the right side and the dangerous turn is to the right [11]

Methods

Results

Conclusion