Abstract
Abstract. Today by extensive use of intelligent mobile phones, increased size of screens and enriching the mobile phones by Global Positioning System (GPS) technology use of location based services have been considered by public users more than ever.. Based on the position of users, they can receive the desired information from different LBS providers. Any LBS system generally includes five main parts: mobile devices, communication network, positioning system, service provider and data provider. By now many advances have been gained in relation to any of these parts; however the users positioning especially in indoor environments is propounded as an essential and critical issue in LBS. It is well known that GPS performs too poorly inside buildings to provide usable indoor positioning. On the other hand, current indoor positioning technologies such as using RFID or WiFi network need different hardware and software infrastructures. In this paper, we propose a new method to overcome these challenges. This method is using the Quick Response (QR) Code Technology. QR Code is a 2D encrypted barcode with a matrix structure which consists of black modules arranged in a square grid. Scanning and data retrieving process from QR Code is possible by use of different camera-enabled mobile phones only by installing the barcode reader software. This paper reviews the capabilities of QR Code technology and then discusses the advantages of using QR Code in Indoor LBS (ILBS) system in comparison to other technologies. Finally, some prospects of using QR Code are illustrated through implementation of a scenario. The most important advantages of using this new technology in ILBS are easy implementation, spending less expenses, quick data retrieval, possibility of printing the QR Code on different products and no need for complicated hardware and software infrastructures.
Highlights
Today by spread of using mobile phones, increased the size and power and mobile phones being equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, use of LBS have huge growth and significant development
LBS systems provide different services based on the user position; ability to determine user position is an essential part of any LBS system
One of the most common and very popular positioning technologies is GPS but it is well known that GPS performs too poorly inside buildings to provide usable indoor positioning, since the required satellite links are blocked or unreliable inside buildings
Summary
Today by spread of using mobile phones, increased the size and power and mobile phones being equipped with GPS technology, use of LBS have huge growth and significant development. LBS systems integrate the location of a mobile phone with other information to provide different types of services and useful information to a mobile user. Any LBS system needs different infrastructure components to work These components are: mobile devices, communication network, positioning system, application server and data provider. With regards to weakness of GPS, many different indoor positioning systems have been developed (e.g. WiFi network, RFID or NFC) that each needs different hardware and software infrastructures. In this research we design a location based tourist guide system using QR Code technology. The most commonly used technology for indoor positioning (i.e. WiFi Fingerprint, RFID and NFC) are reviewed. Scanning and data retrieving process from QR Code is possible by use of different types of mobile phones equipped with a camera. After that is M whit 15%, Q whit 25% and H whit 30% error correction (T.J. Soon, 2008)
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