Abstract
How does the brain determine the position of moving objects? It turns out to be rather complex to answer this question when we realize that the brain has to solve the motion correspondence problem in two kinds of reference frames: Retinotopic and non-retinotopic ones. We show that visual objects are mislocalized along a non-retinotopic motion direction. Observers viewed two successive movie frames each consisting of an outlined square and two target elements inside the square. In the non-retinotopic condition the elements as well as the square moved vertically while two bars also centripetally or centrifugally moved. In the retinotopic condition the vertical movement of them was removed from the stimuli. The task of the observers was to judge a relative position of the elements. Consequently, the elements were mislocalized in the direction of both retinotopic and non-retinotopic motion, although the mislocalization was significantly larger in the retinotopic than in the non-retinotopic conditions. The results suggest that non-retinotopic as well as retinotopic motion processing contributes to the determination of perceived positions of moving objects.
Highlights
The initial and final positions of moving objects are often mislocalized
These results showed that the initial position of apparent motion was significantly displaced in the direction of motion even when the motion correspondence was determined in a non-retinotopic fashion
The goal of the present study was to investigate whether the initial and final position of moving objects was mislocalized in the direction of non-retinotopic as well as retinotopic motion
Summary
The initial and final positions of moving objects are often mislocalized. The initial position of a moving element is displaced in the direction of the motion, known as the Frohlich effect [1,2]. We were interested in whether non-retinotopic motion processing took part in the mislocalization of the initial and final positions of moving objects. Previous studies using the Ternus display have suggested that motion correspondence between visual elements can be determined retinotopically or non-retinotopically depending on the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between frames [7]. When a temporal interval between two successive frames of visual elements is short (,30 ms), motion correspondence is retinotopically determined (Figure 1A), and this results in an element motion percept [8,9]. On the other hand, when the temporal interval between frames is sufficiently long (.50 ms), motion correspondence of visual elements is non-retinotopically determined (Figure 1B) and this results in a group motion percept [8,9]. Non-retinotopic motion correspondence requires more attentional resources than retinotopic one [17]
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