Abstract
The important function of a sensor network is to collect and forward data to destination. It is very important to know about the location of collected data. This kind of information can be obtained using localization technique in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Localization is a way to determine the location of sensor nodes. Localization of sensor nodes is an interesting research area, and many works have been done so far. It is highly desirable to design low-cost, scalable, and efficient localization mechanisms for WSNs. In this paper, we discuss sensor node architecture and its applications, different localization techniques, and few possible future research directions.
Highlights
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are deployed in real world environment and determine some physical behaviors
In WSNs, sensor nodes are deployed in real world environment and determine some physical behaviors
Gradient starts by anchor nodes and helps unlocalized nodes to estimate their positions from three anchor nodes by using multilateration [13]
Summary
In WSNs, sensor nodes are deployed in real world environment and determine some physical behaviors. Ultrawide band techniques are suitable for indoor environment while acoustic transmission-based system requires extra hardware. Both are accurate techniques but expensive in terms of energy consumption and processing. Unlocalized nodes estimate their positions from anchor nodes beacon messages, which requires much power. We discuss sensor node localization schemes having different features used for different applications.
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