Abstract
Cucumber fruit shape, a significant agronomic trait, is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Feasibility of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) is well demonstrated to map QTLs, especially the minor-effect ones. To detect and identify QTLs with CSSLs can provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms regarding cucumber fruit shape. In the present study, 71 CSSLs were built from a population of backcross progeny (BC4F2) by using RNS7 (a round-fruit cucumber) as the recurrent parent and CNS21 (a long-stick-fruit cucumber) as the donor parent in order to globally detect QTLs for cucumber fruit shape. With the aid of 114 InDel markers covering the whole cucumber genome, 21 QTLs were detected for fruit shape-related traits including ovary length, ovary diameter, ovary shape index, immature fruit length, immature fruit diameter, immature fruit shape index, mature fruit length, mature fruit diameter and mature fruit shape index, and 4 QTLs for other traits including fruit ground and flesh color, and seed size were detected as well. Together our results provide important resources for the subsequent theoretical and applied researches on cucumber fruit shape and other traits.
Highlights
Cucumber fruit shape, a significant agronomic trait, is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs)
By using two segregating populations from WI7200 × WI7167, Pan et al.[13] detected 21 QTLs that were involved in the regulation of mature fruit length (MFL), mature fruit diameter (MFD), fruit weight (FW) and length to diameter (L/D) ratio
All generations from B C1F1 to BC4F1 were screened using 114 InDel markers (Supplementary Fig. S1; Supplementary Table S4) based on the following criteria: (I) the most of genomes displayed high-level homozygosity with RNS7, except one to two substitutions from CNS21; (II) the selected individuals harbored less CNS21derived chromosomal segments, which were able to cover the whole genome of CNS21 with overlapping regions between different ones
Summary
A significant agronomic trait, is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Traditional QTL mapping, a reliable method of determining complex traits, was performed on fruit size and shape by analyzing F2, F3, BC (backcross) populations and recombinant inbred lines (RILs), and a series of expected QTLs were successfully detected[6,7,8,9]. Using three QTL models, Weng et al.[2] mapped 12 consensus fruit size related QTLs with F 2, F3 and RIL populations came from Gy14 (North American short fruit cucumber) × 9930 (North China long fruit cucumber) at multiple developmental stages and environments. By using two segregating populations from WI7200 (cultivated cucumber) × WI7167 (semi-wild Xishuangbanna cucumber), Pan et al.[13] detected 21 QTLs that were involved in the regulation of mature fruit length (MFL), mature fruit diameter (MFD), FW and L/D ratio. Using two mutants from ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis, two fruit length controlling genes, Short Fruit 1 (SF1) and SF2 were isolated and functionally identified as a cucurbitspecific RING-type E3 ligase and a Histone Deacetylase Complex 1 (HDC1) homologue, r espectively[17,18]
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