Localization of gravitational waves using machine learning

Abstract

An observation of gravitational waves is a trigger of the multi-messenger search of an astronomical event. A combination of the data from two or three gravitational wave telescopes indicates the location of a source and low-latency data analysis is key to transferring the information to other telescopes sensitive at different wavelengths. In contrast to the current method, which relies on the matched-filtering technique, we proposed the use of machine learning that is much faster and possibly more accurate than matched filtering. Our machine-learning method is a combination of the method proposed by Chatterjee {\it et al.} and a method using the temporal convolutional network. We demonstrate the sky localization of a gravitational-wave source using four telescopes: LIGO H1, LIGO L1, Virgo, and KAGRA, and compare the result in the case without KAGRA to examine the positive influence of having the fourth telescope in the global gravitational-wave network.