Abstract
In the oil, gas, and water industries, in-pipe robots have shown promising solutions to reach the inaccessible parts of pipeline networks for condition assessment, leak detection, and fluid quality monitoring. However, the pipeline networks have different sizes and configurations, and there are long lines of pipes that make the operation of in-pipe robots challenging. In this paper, we first categorize the mechanical systems of in-pipe robots and classify them. We then define four missions performed by the in-pipe robots: localization, mapping, navigation, and inspection. Next, we present the core methods used for each mission and list the studies that use the presented methods and the way they are implemented. Since image processing approach is a common way to accomplish task(s) for an in-pipe mission, the team decided to provide a comprehensive categorization of image processing techniques and the required tools. We also list the sensors used in in-pipe robots which would help the researchers select the appropriate sensor or sensor module for a specific technique.
Highlights
Various missions can be performed by in-pipe robots, which help with saving time and energy for pipeline maintenance
We define four specific tasks that are desirable in inpipe missions: Mapping, Localization, Navigation, and Inspection. We describe these concepts and the different associated methods used for each concept
LOCALIZATION The term localization for in-pipe robots refers to determining the location of the robot in the pipeline network
Summary
The simple structures refer to the robots that have wheels connected under their body and move inside the pipe [4], [5]. In the Caterpillar type robots, belts and wheels move the robot inside the pipe with high friction between the robot and TABLE I MECHANISMS OF THE IN-PIPE ROBOTS. Inchworm type robots move inside the pipes by contraction and extension of a flexible body along the pipe axis [11]. Another type of nonwheeled robots that are less common are legged robots that provide better maneuverability in complicated configurations by the expense of sophisticated motion control algorithms [12], [13].
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