Abstract
According to the application of range-free localization technology for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), an improved localization algorithm based on iterative centroid estimation is proposed in this paper. With this methodology, the centroid coordinate of the space enclosed by connected anchor nodes and the received signal strength indication (RSSI) between the unknown node and the centroid are calculated. Then, the centroid is used as a virtual anchor node. It is proven that there is at least one connected anchor node whose distance from the unknown node must be farther than the virtual anchor node. Hence, in order to reduce the space enclosed by connected anchor nodes and improve the location precision, the anchor node with the weakest RSSI is replaced by this virtual anchor node. By applying this procedure repeatedly, the localization algorithm can achieve a good accuracy. Observing from the simulation results, the proposed algorithm has strong robustness and can achieve an ideal performance of localization precision and coverage.
Highlights
Wireless sensor network (WSNs) is comprised of multiple sensor nodes through self-organization
One is range-based measurement, which realizes self-location of an unknown node by computing the distance or direction between the unknown node and nearby anchor nodes like the received signal strength indication (RSSI) algorithm [3,4,5], the time of arrival (TOA) algorithm [6, 7], the time difference of arrival (TDOA) algorithm [8], and so forth [9, 10]
The other one is range-free measurement, which utilizes the connectivity of WSNs to obtain the location information of an unknown node, such as the centroid localization algorithm [11], the approximate point-in-triangulation test (APIT) algorithm [12, 13], the distance vector-hop (DV-Hop) algorithm [14, 15], and so forth [16]
Summary
Wireless sensor network (WSNs) is comprised of multiple sensor nodes through self-organization. It increases the overall cost of WSNs. The other one is range-free measurement, which utilizes the connectivity of WSNs to obtain the location information of an unknown node, such as the centroid localization algorithm [11], the approximate point-in-triangulation test (APIT) algorithm [12, 13], the distance vector-hop (DV-Hop) algorithm [14, 15], and so forth [16]. The other one is range-free measurement, which utilizes the connectivity of WSNs to obtain the location information of an unknown node, such as the centroid localization algorithm [11], the approximate point-in-triangulation test (APIT) algorithm [12, 13], the distance vector-hop (DV-Hop) algorithm [14, 15], and so forth [16] This class is energy-efficient and does not require any additional hardware. We employ simulation experiments to verify the performance of our methods in terms of the localization precision, coverage, and robustness on RSSI error disturbance
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