Abstract
BONE mass is the net result of the processes of bone matrix synthesis and resorption; these activities result from specific biochemical and biological functions produced by the various differentiated skeletal cells. The activity of these cells is controlled directly or indirectly by growth and maturation factors produced beyond and within the bone itself. Regulation of bone growth by systemic agents has been reviewed recently (1), and the focus of this paper is to present our current understanding of the effects of local factors produced by or extracted from skeletal cells (bone and cartilage), resident cells (precursor and peripheral blood cells), and the demineralized bone matrix. Bone is composed primarily of organic matrix, minerals, and many different cell types; the cells that function in new bone formation are the mesenchymal fibroblast-like preosteoblasts, the osteoblasts, and perhaps the osteocytes. Agents affecting bone cell replication probably act on the fibroblasts or preosteoblasts, while ag...
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